Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is one of the most common cardiovascular conditions affecting millions of people worldwide. It develops when plaque builds up within the coronary arteries, reducing blood flow to the heart muscle and increasing the risk of serious complications.

What Is Coronary Artery Disease?

• Definition of CAD
• How plaque develops inside the arteries
• Why reduced blood flow affects heart function

Common Causes and Risk Factors

• High cholesterol
• High blood pressure
• Smoking
• Diabetes
• Obesity
• Family history

Warning Signs and Symptoms

• Chest pain (angina)
• Shortness of breath
• Fatigue
• Heart attack symptoms

How Coronary Artery Disease Is Diagnosed

• Physical examination
• Stress testing
• Echocardiography
• Cardiac catheterization